Differences between a strain and a sprain

Strains and sprains are simple to confuse but are, in fact, two completely different injuries. It’s important to know the difference between the two in order to seek proper medical care. The following article highlights the main differences between a strain and a sprain but, as always, in the event of an injury seek immediate medical attention.

Strains, or pulled muscles, are injuries related to muscle tissue and tendons. Muscles and tendons attach to bones and aid in movement. A strain occurs when the tissue is either overused or used improperly. This can occur during strenuous activity (overuse) and may be the result of poor flexibility and improper warm-up prior to exercise. Bruises and swelling typically follow and the best treatment option is the RICE method of rest, ice, compression, and elevation. This will reduce both the pain and swelling of the strain. It’s recommended that you stay off the muscle long enough to allow it to heal properly before returning to exercise.

Sprains, on the other hand, affect the ligaments and joints. Ligaments attach bones to joints and when stretched or torn will result in a sprain. This typically occurs because of an unnatural and/or sudden movement such as a quick stop or turn. When people complain of “rolling their ankles” that could be categorized as a sprain. The joints most affected by sprains are the ankles.

There are three different degrees of sprains; first, second and third. A first degree sprain occurs when the ligament is stretched but not severed or torn resulting in mild pain. Second degree sprains are characterized by a partial tear in the ligament and result in mild to moderate pain, swelling, and joint instability. A third degree sprain is the most severe and occurs when the ligament is torn completely resulting in moderate to severe pain, swelling and almost total joint instability.  

The treatment option for a sprain is not unlike that of a strain. Whether or not to seek medical treatment depends on the severity of the injury. If swelling, pain and instability are moderate to severe you should seek immediate medical attention. However, if the ligament is stretched but not torn, the RICE method of rest, ice, compression, and elevation should aid in healing.

Rocky Mountain Pain Solutions is a leading Denver pain clinic that specializes in offering comprehensive pain management services for people suffering from back pain and other debilitating conditions.